连云港近海紫菜养殖区遥感识别、空间变异和驱动分析     

卢霞  顾杨  王晓静  林雅丽  赵倩  王凯  刘笑楠  费鲜芸 《海洋科学》2018,42(7):87-96

为了科学有效地掌握海域使用信息、管理海域权属,为海域资源调查、管理、规划、保护、合理利用提供服务,为违法、违规、违章用海项目得到有效遏制,减少用海矛盾,有必要开展海域使用动态监测,作者以连云港近海为研究区,利用4个时相Landsat遥感影像(2002、2008、2013、2016年)通过面向对象算法提取弱水背景下的紫菜养殖区信息,揭示空间分异规律,并分析其驱动原因。研究结果表明:4期影像提取连云港近海紫菜养殖区信息的精度分别是87.5%、92%、91.7%和94.6%。紫菜养殖区空间分布的变化规律为紫菜养殖面积不断增加且整体向深海方向推进。赣榆港口航运区和田湾核电站特殊利用区存在少量紫菜养殖区,项目用海不符合连云港市海洋功能区划(2016～2020年)。连云港近海紫菜养殖区空间分异的驱动因子主要是自然条件、养殖技术、海洋经济和社会发展四大因素。  相似文献   

Investigations into the thermal non-equilibrium of W UMa-type contact binaries     

Xiao Xiong  Liang Liu  Sheng-Bang Qian 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2018,(5)

Traditionally, some physical details(e.g., magnetic braking, energy transfer, angular momentum loss, etc.) have to be taken into consideration during investigations into the evolution of contact binaries. However, the real evolutionary processes which usually contain several of these physical mechanisms are very complicated as a result of strong interaction between components. To avoid dealing with these factors, a linear relationship is applied to the temperatures of components. It is found that the higher the mass ratio(M_2/M_1) of a contact system, the weaker the deviation from thermal equilibrium.On this basis, a variation trend of fill-out factor(f) changing with mass ratio can be inferred, which is consistent with observations. Moreover, if we stick to this point of view, it should be natural that the number of semi-detached binaries in the predicted broken-contact phase of relaxation oscillations is less than the number in the contact phase.  相似文献   

Rare earth elements and yttrium in ferromanganese deposits from the South China Sea: distribution, composition and resource considerations     

ZHONG Yi  CHEN Zhong  GONZALEZ Francisco Javier  ZHENG Xufeng  LI Gang  LUO Yun  MO Aibin  XU Antao  WANG Shuhong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(7):41-54

Ferromanganese nodules and crusts contain relatively high concentration of rare earth elements(REE) and yttrium(REY),with a growing interest in exploitation as an alternative to land-based REY resources.On the basis of comprehensive geochemical approach,the abundance and distribution of REY in the ferromanganese nodules from the South China Sea are analyzed.The results indicate that the REY contents in ferromanganese deposits show a clear geographic regularity.Total REY contents range from 69.1×10~(–6) to 2 919.4×10~(–6),with an average value of 1 459.5×10~(–6).Especially,the enrichment rate of Ce content is high,accounting for almost 60% of the total REY.This REE enrichment is controlled mainly by the sorption of ferromanganese oxides and clay minerals in the nodules and crusts.Moreover,the total REY are higher in ferromanganese deposits of hydrogenous origin than of diagenetic origin.Finally,Light REE(LREE) and heavy REE(HREE) oxides of the ferromanganese deposits in the study area can be classified into four grades: non-enriched type,weakly enriched type,enriched type,and extremely enriched type.According to the classification criteria of rare earth resources,the Xisha and Zhongsha platform-central deep basin areas show a great potential for these rare earth metals.  相似文献   

辽宁省海洋文化景观概述          下载免费PDF全文

于大涛  孙倩  姜恒志  高范  梁淼 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(4):60-62

文章介绍海洋文化景观的属性、定义和构成;将辽宁省海洋文化景观资源分为海洋物质文化景观和非物质文化景观2个大类,其中海洋物质文化景观包括海洋自然文化景观、海洋遗迹文化景观、海洋聚落文化景观、海洋宗教文化景观、海洋旅游文化景观和海洋设施景观,海洋非物质文化景观包括海洋历史文化景观、海洋民俗文化景观和海洋艺术文化景观,分别概述具体类别资源的代表内容;提出可采用模糊综合评价法评价辽宁省海洋文化景观,研究海洋文化景观对于海洋文化建设和提高海洋意识等具有重要意义。  相似文献   

江苏省海上风电用海项目调查          下载免费PDF全文

张云  景昕蒂  崔丹丹  吕林 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(10):94-97

为加强对海上风电项目的用海管理,规范海上风电产业的用海活动,促进海域空间资源的科学合理开发利用,文章采用海上风电用海权属、风机遥感影像解译和海上风电用海项目核查的数据,以2016年年底为时间节点,对江苏省海上风电用海项目的确权管理、疑似疑点疑区、项目承担企业和项目运营情况进行调查,并根据调查结果提出存在的问题和建议。研究结果表明:江苏省共确权海上风电用海项目44个,已建设40个,总建设面积为6 712.91hm~2;疑似疑点疑区海上风电用海项目有26个;项目承担企业主要包括华能国际电力股份有限公司等;已建成投产并网的海上风电用海项目有29个,总投资额近293亿元,年发电量约50kW·h,年产出额近34亿元;目前海上风电用海项目主要存在未取得海域证、部分风机偏离原批复界址范围和规划布局不合理的问题,未来应坚持保护优先和适度开发原则、规范项目管理、优化规划布局以及加强动态监测。  相似文献   

Waveform Characteristics of Earthquakes Induced by Hydraulic Fracturing and Mining Activities: Comparison with Those of Natural Earthquakes     

Li  Nan  Li  Baolin  Chen  Dong  Wang  Enyuan  Tan  Yuyang  Qian  Jiawei  Jia  Haishan 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(6):3653-3674

Natural Resources Research - Some industrial activities, such as underground mining, hydraulic fracturing (HF), can cause microearthquakes and even damaging earthquakes. In recent years, with the...  相似文献   

Analysis of nonstationarity in low flow in the Loess Plateau of China          下载免费PDF全文

Kun‐xia Yu  Lars Gottschalk  Xiang Zhang  Peng Li  Zhanbin Li  Lihua Xiong  Qian Sun 《水文研究》2018,32(12):1844-1857

An approach for nonstationary low‐flow frequency analysis is developed and demonstrated on a dataset from the rivers on the Loess Plateau of China. Nonstationary low‐flow frequency analysis has drawn significant attention in recent years by establishing relationships between low‐flow series and explanatory variables series, but few studies have tested whether the time‐varying moments of low flow can be fully described by the time‐varying moments of the explanatory variables. In this research, the low‐flow distributions are analytically derived from the 2 basic explanatory variables—the recession duration and the recession coefficient—with the assumption that the recession duration and recession coefficient variables follow exponential and gamma distributions, respectively; the derived low‐flow distributions are applied to test whether the time‐varying moments of explanatory variables can explain the nonstationarities found in the low‐flow variable. The effects of ecosystem construction measures, that is, check dam, terrace, forest, and grassland, on the recession duration and recession coefficient are further discussed. Daily flow series from 11 hydrological stations from the Loess Plateau are used and processed with a moving average technique. Low‐flow data are extracted following the pit under threshold approach. Six of the 11 low‐flow series show significant nonstationarities at the 5% significance level, and the trend curves of the moments of low flow are in close agreement with the curves estimated from the derived distribution with time‐dependent moments of the recession duration and time‐constant moments of the recession coefficient. It is indicated that the nonstationarity in the low‐flow distribution results from the nonstationarity in the recession duration in all 6 cases, and the increase in the recession duration is resulted from large‐scale ecosystem constructions rather than climate change. The large‐scale ecosystem constructions are found to have more influence on the decrease in streamflow than on the increase in watershed storage, thus resulting in the reduction of low flow. A high return period for the initial fixed design value decreases dramatically with an increasing recession duration.  相似文献   

The information system of the French Peatland Observation Service: Service National d'Observation Tourbières – A valuable tool to assess the impact of global changes on the hydrology and biogeochemistry of temperate peatlands through long term monitoring     

Sébastien Gogo  Jean-Baptiste Paroissien  Fatima Laggoun-Défarge  Jean-Marc Antoine  Léonard Bernard-Jannin  Guillaume Bertrand  Philippe Binet  Stéphane Binet  Guillaume Bouger  Yohann Brossard  Thierry Camboulive  Jean-Pierre Caudal  Stéphane Chevrier  Geneviève Chiapiuso  Benoît D'Angelo  Pilar Durantez  Chris Flechard  André-Jean Francez  Didier Galop  Laure Gandois  Daniel Gilbert  Christophe Guimbaud  Louis Hinault  Adrien Jacotot  Franck Le Moing  Emilie Lerigoleur  Gaël Le Roux  Fabien Leroy  Alexandre Lhosmot  Qian Li  Elodie Machado Da Silva  Jean-Sébastien Moquet  Juanita Mora-Gomez  Laurent Perdereau  Thomas Rosset  Marie-Laure Toussaint 《水文研究》2021,35(6):e14244

Mitigating and adapting to global changes requires a better understanding of the response of the Biosphere to these environmental variations. Human disturbances and their effects act in the long term (decades to centuries) and consequently, a similar time frame is needed to fully understand the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of a natural system. To this end, the ‘Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique’ (CNRS) promotes and certifies long-term monitoring tools called national observation services or ‘Service National d'Observation’ (SNO) in a large range of hydrological and biogeochemical systems (e.g., cryosphere, catchments, aquifers). The SNO investigating peatlands, the SNO ‘Tourbières’, was certified in 2011 ( https://www.sno-tourbieres.cnrs.fr/ ). Peatlands are mostly found in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere and French peatlands are located in the southern part of this area. Thus, they are located in environmental conditions that will occur in northern peatlands in coming decades or centuries and can be considered as sentinels. The SNO Tourbières is composed of four peatlands: La Guette (lowland central France), Landemarais (lowland oceanic western France), Frasne (upland continental eastern France) and Bernadouze (upland southern France). Thirty target variables are monitored to study the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of the sites. They are grouped into four datasets: hydrology, fluvial export of organic matter, greenhouse gas fluxes and meteorology/soil physics. The data from all sites follow a common processing chain from the sensors to the public repository. The raw data are stored on an FTP server. After operator or automatic processing, data are stored in a database, from which a web application extracts the data to make them available ( https://data-snot.cnrs.fr/data-access/ ). Each year at least, an archive of each dataset is stored in Zenodo, with a digital object identifier (DOI) attribution ( https://zenodo.org/communities/sno_tourbieres_data/ ).  相似文献   

雅浦-马里亚纳海沟附近海域的精细地貌特征研究          下载免费PDF全文

张志毅  许冬  韩喜彬  王雁冰  胡智龙  葛倩  阳凡林 《海洋学研究》2020,38(1):27-41

利用西太平洋地区的雅浦-马里亚纳海沟附近海域的多波束水深数据,获得了9.8°N—13.2°N、132.2°E—145°E矩形区域内的高精度水深地形图。通过对精细地貌进行研究发现,马里亚纳海沟南部的洋坡上发育有大范围的地垒、地堑型地貌,雅浦海沟北部存在明显的分段性特征,菲律宾海盆和帕里西维拉海盆内存在不同展布方向的大规模脊-槽地貌。研究结果表明此处复杂的地形地貌特征主要受板块运动的控制。最后结合已有研究成果,对该区域的地形地貌进行了分类。  相似文献   

海上风机吸力式桶形基础承载特性研究综述     

毋晓妮  廖倩  李晔 《海洋技术学报》2020,39(1):91-106

风机基础作为海上风机整体结构的重要组成部分,承受着上部风机所受到的风浪流荷载,并且对风机的安全性及可靠性至关重要。吸力式桶形基础由于其安装简单和可重复利用等优点,在海洋平台基础中得到了广泛应用,并逐步应用于海上风机基础中。但由于海上风机与海洋平台在海洋环境中的荷载工况有一定的差别,仍需要通过对其承载特性研究现状进行全面认识,以实现吸力式桶形基础在海上风机基础中的可靠应用。文中通过总结和评价现有研究对桶形基础在不同土体条件以及荷载条件下进行试验及数值模拟分析得到的研究结果,综述了静荷载和循环荷载作用下砂土和黏土中的吸力式桶形基础的承载特性研究现状,以及海上风机吸力式桶形基础的相关研究。文章展望了目前应用于海上风机基础的桶形基础仍缺乏的研究,为海上风机吸力式桶形基础的可靠应用及后续研究提供重要参考。  相似文献